The trade4trade logo symbolizing global trade

行動ファイナンス

トレーディング心理は、取引結果に対する精神・感情面の影響を考えた場合、非常に興味深い分野です。

There are so many facets of a person’s behaviour that play a role in influencing financial decision making.

 

Combine this with the stress that the market volatilities and aggressive price fluctuations evoke, it’s no surprise that the study of feelings and how they drive traders to act certain ways has become so popular.

 

Interwoven within this mesh of psychological concepts is behavioural finance. Referred to as a subset of behavioural economics, behavioural finance suggests that investor behaviours are influenced by psychological elements and biases.

It further proposes that variances within financial markets may be attributed to these factors, for e.g., aggressive price movements of particular asset like stocks. 

 

In fact, growing recognition of this research has prompted renowned institutions like the Securities and Exchange Commission to assign staff to further explore the field of behavioural finance, and its impact on financial transactions.

バイアスの影響

One of the core components of behavioural finance has to do with the influence of biases. More specifically, the notion is that biases can be categorised into one of 5 core concepts influencing the market and/or trading outcomes. These are:

群衆行動

Herd behaviour refers to those instances when investors or other financial practitioners copy the financial behaviours of a larger majority (i.e., the herd). This behaviour is frequently witnessed in the stock market and often the reason for selloffs or rallies.

精神的隔たり

Emotional gap pertains to decision making driven by intense emotions or emotional stress. This behaviour is often the reason why people make illogical decisions.

自己帰属

Self-attribution involves making decisions with an overconfident reliance on one’s own knowledge or skill. This tends to arise from one’s existing proficiency in a specific domain. In this instance, an investor may deem their knowledge more favourably than others, even if this isn’t objectively true.

心の会計

この概念はノーベル賞を受賞した経済学者リチャード・セイラーによって提唱されたもので、同じ金額でも人によって見出す価値は異なるという現象を指します。価値は通常、主観的基準に基づくもので、投資や取引に関して理屈に合わない決断の原因となることが少なくありません。

アンカリング効果

行動ファイナンス分野におけるアンカリング効果とは、例えば証券の初値をその証券に関して後日決断を下す際に必ず参考にするなど、後日決断を下す際に、事前に植え付けられた関係のない情報を無意識に用いる場合に発生します。

行動ファイナンス分野に属する研究や分析では、投資家が示す他の個人的バイアスや特異性も判明しており、例えば、以下が挙げられます。

確証バイアス:

occurs when investors favour information that aligns with their existing beliefs, even if flawed.

経験/近接バイアス:

投資家が最近の出来事から将来の発生事象を類推する現象を指します。

損失回避:

損失回避を利益獲得より優先させるあまり、リスクを避ける行動を取る現象を指します。

親近性バイアス:

manifests when investors favour familiar investments, potentially limiting diversification. This often leads to a preference for domestic or locally known investments, neglecting broader market exposure.

各バイアスには金融界で下される決断を左右する認知傾向が反映されており、投資家が情報、イベント、潜在的リスクを評価し反応する方法に影響を及ぼします。

Youtube Icon on T4Trade Site: Connect, Share, and Explore Financial Insights with our Social Media Presence.
T4トレードライブテレビ

Thank you for visiting T4Trade

This website is not directed at EU residents and falls outside the European and MiFID II regulatory framework.

Please click below if you wish to continue to T4Trade anyway.

Thank you for visiting T4Trade

This website is not directed at UK residents and falls outside the European and MiFID II regulatory framework, as well as the rules, guidance and protections set out in the UK Financial Conduct Authority Handbook.

Please click below if you wish to continue to T4Trade anyway.